Pre-Bactrian: Late Indus Valley / Post-Harappan Period (circa 2000–1500 BCE)

Beads from the Late Indus Valley / Post-Harappan period date to roughly 2000–1500 BCE, a time of transition following the height of the Indus Valley Civilization. As large urban centers declined, skilled bead-making traditions continued in regional workshops across northwestern South Asia. Crafted by hand from stones such as agate, carnelian, and chalcedony, these beads reflect continuity of technique, material knowledge, and symbolic use. Often used for personal adornment, trade, and cultural expression, beads from this period are increasingly rare. Preserved with natural wear and patina, they offer collectors a museum-quality connection to one of the world’s earliest and most enduring craft traditions.